In order to solve the problems of high node energy consumption and low data transmission reliability caused by the uneven node deployment in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), a multipath transmission selection algorithm based on immune connectivity model was proposed. When data transmission failed, the immune mechanism was used to select the fitness functions of paths, so as to optimize the transmission path and reduce the energy consumption of nodes. The experiments were performed to evaluate the proposed algorithm by the indicators such as network lifetime, end-to-end transmission delay, coverage ratio, transmission reliability and load distribution. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can better balance the load, improve the life cycle of network, and ensure the reliability of data transmission. The proposed algorithm can be applied to the design of sensor networks with high requirements on energy efficiency, scalability, prolonging network life and reducing network overhead.